climate resilience
From Heat Stress to $15M Savings: Madrid's Climate Resilience Strategy Achieves 32% Rainfall Interception with Urban Canopy Stormwater
In 2025 Madrid intercepted 32% of its annual rainfall using urban canopy stormwater systems, delivering roughly €15 million in avoided stormwater infrastructure costs. The city combined green roofs, tree corridors and IoT monitoring to turn rain into a climate-resilience asset. Financial Disclaimer: This article is for educational purposes only and